Which scholar is associated with the Circle of World English theory?

• A. Crystal
• B. Kandiah
• C. McArthur
• D. Murray

Answer: (C)

The main idea here is how English varieties around the world are connected in a global system, not just spread from one center. The Circle of World English theory presents English as a network where different local varieties influence each other within a global circle, illustrating how forms like Indian, Nigerian, Singaporean English, and others interact with traditional norms and with one another. The scholar associated with this circle-model approach is McArthur, who emphasizes World Englishes as a global ecosystem and uses the circle metaphor to capture these interconnections. That’s why this is the best match. While Crystal is a major figure in discussing global English, the circle framework is not his hallmark, and Kandiah or Murray are known for other contributions within the field.