Which of the following is NOT a stage in Haugen's Four Stage Process?

• A. Selection
• B. Codification
• C. Stabilization
• D. Implementation

Answer: (C)

Haugen’s model maps how a language is prepared for broad public use through four clear steps: selecting a language to promote for national or official use, codifying it by developing consistent grammar, spelling, and terminology, elaborating its vocabulary and literature to cover new domains, and implementing it so it is taught in schools and used in government and media. Stabilization isn’t one of these stages because the model focuses on the procedural steps to develop and promote a codified language; stabilization is more a natural outcome once the language is implemented and widely adopted. So the term that does not belong to the four stages is the one that refers to that stabilizing use, rather than a formal phase in the process.